Modern industries that use traditional coal, petroleum and other fossil fuels as energy sources are one of the main sources of carbon emissions. As an important carbon emission field in the chemical industry, coal chemical industry is the key transformation and upgrading industry in the future. In this regard, modern coal chemical industry came into being, which is based on coal gasification and catalytic conversion of syngas, which is conducive to the centralized removal and treatment of pollutants, and is an effective way to clean and efficiently utilize coal.
Among them, carbon-one chemical technology is the key technology of modern coal chemical industry, and has achieved great success in industrial application in the past 10 years.
Carbon-one chemical industry (C1 chemical industry) refers to the process of converting a carbon atom compound (CO, CO2, CH4, CH3OH and HCHO, etc.) H2) as the basic raw material for the modern coal chemical industry.
Carbon-one chemical technology raw materials and applications
The traditional raw materials of carbon-one chemical technology are mainly coal and heavy oil. With the adjustment of the energy structure and the drive of low-carbon policies, methane resources have gradually become one of the raw materials. The main applications of carbon-one chemical industry are the following three aspects: hydrocarbon and fuel oil synthesis. Synthesis of oxygenates, such as methanol, formic acid, formaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, higher alcohols, esters, etc. Synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds, such as hydrocyanic acid, dimethylformamide (DMF), isocyanates (TDI, MDI), amino acid products, etc.
High-efficiency catalytic technology in carbon-chemical industry
Carbon-one chemical thermal catalytic technology: The carbon-one chemical process is mainly based on the thermal catalytic conversion process of synthesis gas and methanol, especially the rapid development of the modern coal chemical industry based on large-scale coal gasification in the past 20 years, which has promoted the rapid development of coal chemical industry. The basic theory and process technology of thermocatalysis are gradually mature. For example, the catalytic conversion of CO into methane, hydrocarbon oils, methanol and other products has achieved large-scale industrial application; the catalytic dehydration of methanol can be gradually converted into products such as dimethyl ether, olefins, aromatics and gasoline, similar to the catalytic hydrogenation of CO. , CO2 hydrogenation catalysis can also selectively obtain methane, methanol, dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon compounds such as olefins, aromatics and oils and other products.
Carbon-chemical photocatalysis: The use of photocatalysis to reduce carbon dioxide to synthesize chemical products or fuels can solve the problem of H2 source in the hydrogenation reaction of carbon dioxide, and it is possible to achieve negative carbon dioxide emissions. Electrocatalysis is a process in which carbon dioxide molecules or carbon dioxide solvated ions in solution obtain electrons from the electrode surface and undergo a reduction reaction. The photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction uses carbon dioxide as a raw material to convert carbon dioxide into energy products and organic products driven by sustainable solar energy. Chemicals.
Development Prospect of Carbon-Chemical Technology
In recent years, the high-efficiency catalytic technology, green low-carbon technology, separation and purification technology, large-scale reactor, and system optimization technology in the carbon-one chemical industry have made preliminary industrialization or engineering progress, which has promoted the high-quality energy and chemical industry in my country. develop.
The core of carbon-one chemical technology is the catalytic conversion of small molecules such as CO, methanol and carbon dioxide. Explore new process routes and catalyst preparation technologies to improve catalytic conversion efficiency and product selectivity, reduce process energy consumption, and reduce carbon emissions. A key core element of chemical technology development.
Carbon-one chemical industry involves many products and complicated process routes, which can make many organic chemical products change from dependence on petroleum to coal, and can also realize rational utilization of "waste gas" (CO, CO2) in some existing industries. , especially in the use of coal, to truly achieve high added value and a high degree of unification of resources, energy, and environmental protection, and to promote the sustainable development of chemical industry.